What is a defining feature of a progressive tax structure?

• A. All taxpayers pay the same percentage regardless of income
• B. Those with lower incomes pay more taxes
• C. Higher income earners pay a greater percentage
• D. Tax rates decrease as income increases

Answer: (C)

A defining feature of a progressive tax structure is that higher income earners pay a greater percentage of their income in taxes compared to those with lower incomes. This system is designed to ensure that tax burdens are distributed based on individuals' ability to pay. As a taxpayer's income rises, the tax rate applied to their income also increases, which means that wealthier individuals contribute a larger share of their overall income toward taxes. This approach aims to reduce income inequality and provide funding for public services that benefit society as a whole.

The structure contrasts with a flat or regressive tax system, where all individuals pay the same rate or where lower-income earners pay a higher percentage of their income in taxes, respectively.